Half of the world's fluorspar production is used to make hydrofluoric acid, and then to develop cryolite for the aluminum smelting industry.
Hydrofluoric acid is produced by reacting acid-grade fluorite (fluorite concentrate) with sulfuric acid in a heating furnace or a tank. It is divided into anhydrous hydrofluoric acid and aqueous hydrofluoric acid. They are both a colorless liquid, volatile, strong irritating smell and strong corrosiveness.
Hydrofluoric acid is the basic raw material of organic fluorine chemicals. It interacts with chloroform and carbon tetrachloride to produce fluorinated chlorinated hydrocarbons and fluorocarbons with low toxicity and high chemical stability. It is used as a refrigerant and air Sol accelerator, solvent polymer intermediate and fluorocarbon resin and elastomer.
Hydrofluoric acid reacts with carbon tetrachloride to produce freon (usually denoted by F). In addition to being used as a refrigerant (such as in refrigerators), Freon is also widely used in sprays, fire extinguishing agents, and fluoroplastics.
In the aluminum industry, hydrofluoric acid is used to produce aluminum fluoride, artificial cryolite, sodium fluoride and magnesium fluoride.
In the aviation and aerospace industries, hydrofluoric acid is mainly used to produce jet liquid propellant and missile jet fuel propellant.
In medicine, fluorine organic compounds can also produce fluorine-containing anti-cancer drugs, fluorine-containing cortisone, fluorine-containing carbon artificial blood, artificial heart and bone.
In the inorganic fluorination industry, pesticides, preservatives, protective agents, additives, fluxes and antioxidants can be produced.
Fluorite is also widely used in building materials industries such as glass, ceramics, and cement. In the glass industry, fluorite is added as a flux and sunscreen, which can promote the melting of glass raw materials.
In cement production, fluorite is added as a mineralizer. Fluorite can lower the sintering temperature of the charge and reduce fuel consumption. At the same time, it can increase the liquid viscosity of the clinker during sintering and promote the formation of tricalcium silicate.
In the ceramic industry, fluorite is mainly used as enamel, it can play a role in color and flux in the production process of enamel. For example, after adding fluorite to red enamel, the color can be bright and bright. The amount of fluorite added in ceramic production enamel is generally about 10% to 20%. Also involved in the manufacture of enamel products.
